On 23 January 2008 the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) adopted Resolution 1601 (2008) on “Procedural guidelines on the rights and responsibilities of the opposition in a democratic parliament” (PACE Resolution 1601). Shortly thereafter, the Venice Commission decided to undertake a study which would supplement Resolution 1601. This study resulted in a report “On the role of the opposition in a democratic Parliament” (CDLAD(2010)025, hereinafter the 2010 Report), adopted at the 84th Plenary Session of the Commission (Venice 15-16 October 2010).