The International IDEA reports on political parties in Africa are based on research and dialogues with political parties in thirty African countries. Three approaches were adopted to conduct the research. The first approach aimed at examining the sociopolitical and economic environment in which the parties operate, and exploring the margins within which parties are allowed to conduct political and electoral activities. The second approach relates to the legal provisions regulating parties. The third approach involved a detailed analysis of the organizational structure of parties and how they actually work. International IDEA hopes that the findings and recommendations presented in this document will contribute to building sustainable and pluralistic democracy in Africa.