This text seeks to highlight the importance of parliamentary oversight of the security sector and the benefits parliamentarians derive from integrating a gender perspective into their work. Following a brief discussion of the nature of parliamentary oversight of the security sector, this text lays out the importance and benefits of integrating gender into parliamentarians’ work on security issues. It gives suggestions on how to integrate gender into parliamentary oversight, and includes a section that addresses gender and parliamentary oversight in specific contexts of post-conflict and developed countries. It concludes with key recommendations and provides a list of additional resources for the practitioner.